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10 English Grammar and Composition | Class 5
2.3 What is an Assertive Sentence (Assertive Sentence ev wee†wZgƒjK evKÅ KvGK eGj?)
•h Sentence •KvGbv wee†wZ ev eYÆbv cÉ`vb KGi, ZvGK Assertive Sentence eGj|
(A sentence that makes a statement or assertion is called an ASSERTIVE SENTENCE.)
Structure (MVb) : Subject + Verb + Object + Extension (hw` ^vGK) (.)
Examples :
We eat rice.— Avgiv fvZ LvB|
Armstrong landed on the moon on July 20, 1969.— AvgÆÕ¡Ès 1969 mvGji 20 RyjvB PuvG` AeZiY KGib|
The earth moves round the sun.— c†w^ex mƒGhÆi Pviw`GK •NvGi|
Nilu did not pass the exam. bxjy cixÞvq DîxYÆ nqwb|
We do not play at noon. Avgiv `ycyGi •Ljv Kwi bv|
²
DcGii sentence-mgƒn «¼viv wewf® cÉKvi statement ev wee†wZ cÉKvk •cGqGQ ev •KvGbv NUbv ewYÆZ nGqGQ| ‣àGjvGK
Assertive Sentence ejv nq| ‣ aiGbi sentence-‣i •kGl Full stop eÅen†Z nq|
2.4 What is an Interrogative Sentence? (Interrogative Sentence ev cÉk²GevaK evKÅ KvGK eGj?)
•h Sentence «¼viv •KvGbv wKQy mÁ·GKÆ •KvGbv cÉk² Kiv nq, ZvGK Interrogative Sentence eGj| (The
sentence which asks a question about anything is called an INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE.)
Interrogative sentence-‣i •kGl Question mark (?) eGm ‣es ‣ aiGbi evKÅ wbGÁ²vÚ `y
cÉKvGi MwVZ nq
i. Question with Auxiliary Verbs [to be (am, is, are, was, were), to do (do, does, did), to have (have,
has, had), modals (can, could, may, shall, should, will, would)]
Auxiliary Verb «¼viv MwVZ cÉGk²i Dîi Yes/No «¼viv •`qv nq|
Structure-1 : 'To be' verb + Subject + Object/ Extension + (?)
Examples :
Am I ill? Avwg wK AmyÕ©? Were they ill? Zviv wK AmyÕ© wQj?
Is he a doctor? •m wK ‣KRb WvÚvi? Was he a teacher? •m wK ‣KRb wkÞK wQj?
Are you a student? Zzwg wK ‣KRb Qvò?
'To do' verb
Structure-2 : 'To have' verb + Subject + Principal Verb + Object + Extension (hw` ^vGK) + (?)
'Modal' verb
Examples :
Do you like reading books?— Zzwg wK eB coGZ cQ±` KGiv?
Does she like ice-cream?— •m wK AvBmKÌxg cQ±` KGi?
Have you bought a camera? Zzwg wK ‣KUv KÅvGgiv wKGbGQv?
May I come in? Avwg wK wfZGi AvmGZ cvwi?
ii. Question with Wh-Words
Auxiliary verb QvovI WH-word •hgb Who, What, When, Which, Where, Why, How BZÅvw` «¼vivI
Interrogative sentence MwVZ nq| •hme cÉk²GevaK evKÅ Wh-word «¼viv MwVZ nq •màGjvGK Wh-question ejv
nq| Wh-question-‣i Dîi evKÅvKvGi w`GZ nq, ÷ay Yes ev No «¼viv •`Iqv hvq bv|
Wh-word «¼viv interrogative sentence MVb KiGZ wbGÁ²vÚ structure-àGjv eÅen†Z nGq ^vGK
Structure-1 : Wh-word + 'to be' verb (am, is, are, was, were) + Subject + (?)
Who are you? Zzwg •K?
How are you? Zzwg •Kgb AvGQv?
Structure-2 : Wh-word + 'to be' verb (am, is, are, was, were) + Subject + Principal verb + (?)
What is he doing? •m Kx KiGQ?
Why are you laughing? Zzwg nvmGQv •KGbv?
